Operating means and action for stone crushers



Aug. 24, 1954 N. H. BOGIE 2,687,258

OPERATING MEANS AND ACTION FOR STONE CRUSHERS Filed March 17, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet l N. H. BOGIE Aug. 24, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 17, 1952 R 0 mm W 9 m m n m M n MN loHIU I flmM Lu Ll [IT/W v II L.III\IU l .om mm TIIIIL 9% ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 24, 1954 OPERATING MEANS AND ACTION FOR STONE CRUSHERS Nelson H. Bugle, Lexington, Ky. Application March 1'7, 1952, Serial No. 276,933

6 Claims. 1

This invention relates generally to improvements in stone crushers and particularly to a novel arrangement for actuating the head of a crusher in a reciprocating, linear motion.

One type of stone crushers in use today uses a head which has a rolling motion with respect to the fixed, wear resistant lines in the crushing cavity. With such head motion an objectionably large amount of dust is created and, moreover, the mechanism to impart motion to the head is not durable.

In view of the defects of the prior art apparatus, it is an object of this invention to provide a stone crusher with a smoothly operative fluid actuating system which displaces the head, and to provide a dual functioning set of pistons that constrain the motion of the head to reciprocatory, linear movement, and impart motion to the head from energy derived from the fluid of the system.

Another object of the invention is to provide a dust shield for an overflow chamber located adjacent to the pistons and close to the crushing cavity so that the fluid which passes by the piston may be protected from stone and rock dust contamination, whereby the fluid may be reused in the closed fluid system.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved fluid actuation system especially useful with stone crushers in that it utilizes two pumps operable in out-of-phase relationship but feeds to a common passageway that opens into the piston containing cylinders, to provide ample power in operating the head but yet maintain reasonable pump size.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a stone crusher having simplicity of organization, economy of construction and efficiency in operation.

Other objects and features or importance will become apparent in following the description of the illustrated form of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the stone and/ or rock crusher,

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on the plane of line 2-2 of the crusher of Figure 1, and

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of Figure 1.

As shown in the drawings, the stone crusher comprises a support l having a hopper l2 in which there is a removably mounted wear resistant liner l4 serving as an anvil in the crushing cavity l6. T he liner is of standard form, but is held in place within the hopper 12 by a number of simplified connectors (Fig. 3). Each connector consists of a bolt l8 which passes through an aperture in a hopper supported plate 20 and an aperture 22 in the hopper I2. A hook 24 at one end of the bolt 18 is fitted in a curved opening 24 in the liner l4 and when the nut 25 is tightened on the plate 20, the liner I4 is locked in the hopper.

The main body of the support ID is annular and supports a spider including a centrally disposed cylinder block 30 and three or more arms 32, 34 and 3B which emanate with the block as a center. The annular main body of the support comprises a housing 39 defining an annular reservoir 38 at the outer ends of the arms, and the hopper !2 is bolted or otherwise secured to that housing whereby the spaces between the arms 32, 34 and 36 form discharge exits for the crushed material which drops from the crushing chamber IS. The arm 32 has a passageway Ml in it which extends from a pump chamber assembly housing 42 that is disposed outwardly of the housing 39 and on the outer end of arm 32.

A head 46 is mounted in the hopper I2 above the arms 32, 34 and 38. This head consists of a block 48 to which wear resistant covers 56 and 52 respectively, are secured by standard means. The head is substantially conical to coact with the frusto-conical liner i l. The upper end of the block 48 is recessed to accommodate an end of the limit bolt 54, there being a nut on it, resting on a resilient bushing 56 which seats on the head block 43. The head of the limit bolt bears on the lower surface of the cylinder block 30, and when the head 46 is raised, the bolt 54 with its appurtenant structure serves as a means for limiting upward displacement of the head 46.

The housing 42 supports a double throw crankshaft 53, one throw supporting a piston 60 and the other a piston 62. The pistons 60 and 32 are in separate cylinders and since the crank throws are circumferentially spaced on the crankshaft, the pistons 60 and B2 operate out-of-phase. Pumps El and 63 formed by the pistons 60 and 62 together with the crankshaft 58 and other related structure, are actuated by any suitable source of torque, the pulley 65 being a schematic illustration of an example suitable for this purpose.

Dual functioning means are secured to the head 46 for constraining the movement of the head to reciprocatory, linear motion, and transferring energy from the fluid actuating system to the head 43 for actuation of the latter. Said means consists of a plurality of pistons 68 that are secured at their outer ends to the head block 43 and which have their opposite ends fairly loosely fitted in cylinders 12 that are provided in the cylinder block 39.

In operation, the crankshaft 58 is rotated by an external power source, thereby actuating the pumps 6! and 63 in out-of-phas relation. As the piston 60 is in its delivery stroke, fluid is urged into the passageway 40, opening the valve 74 allowing a small amount of lubricating fluid to pass through the lubricating passage system 16 for oiling the shaft 58 at one bearing and both crank throws. (See Figure 1.) At the same time the fluid being under pressure, closes the valve 80 which controls a passage 82 connecting th passageway 40 and the pump 63. Also, the fluid from pump 6! urges the pistons 68 outwardly the extent of which is limited by the bolt 54, causing the head 48 to move in a work stroke. An excess of fluid under pressure passes through the spring loaded check valve 86 into the passageway 88, and that fluid which passes by the pistons 68 is received in an overflow chamber 90. After the top-dead-center position of the piston 60 is passed, the pressure in the passageway 40 is relieved allowing the head 46 to be gravity lowered. But, the crank throws of the shaft 58 are so arranged that shortly thereafter, the piston 62 of pump 63 starts its delivery stroke, closing check valve 92 in the passageway 88, and opening the valve 80, whereby the passageway 40 is again charged with iiuid under pressure to elevate the head 46 for stone crushing purposes.

The overflow chamber 90 is formed by a rim 92 secured to the block 30, and passages 36 communicate the chamber 90 with the reservoir 33, the passages 86 being located in the arms 34 and 36. A dust shield 100, preferably of a resilient material such as rubber, is fastened to the head block :28 and the rim 92 thereby enclosing the chamber 90 to prevent rock and stone dust from contaminating the fluid of the fluid actuating system.

There is direct communication between the reservoir 38 and the passageway 88, and when the valve 36 is opened during the work stroke of piston or the suction stroke of piston 62, the passageway 40 is purged or charged with additional fluid of the reservoir depending on the requirements of the system.

A manually operable priming valve I02 is provided in a wall separating the passageway 40 from the passageway 80 so that the system may be primed in accordance with the prerogative of the user of the stone crusher.

It is apparent that various modifications and departures may be made from the specifically described embodiment of the invention without departing from the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A rock crusher comprising a horizontally disposed annular support forming an open bottomed material discharge chamber, a spider within said support and including a plurality of spaced arms extending inwardly from said support and a block carried by said arms and disposed cen-- trally of said chamber, an upper frame including a lower inwardly converging anvil portion and an upper hopper portion opening into said anvil portion, said frame being mounted on said support substantially centrally above said block, a confcul crusher head slidably mounted on said block for vertical movement axially of said anvil portion, and means for reciprocating said head relative to said anvil portion to crush rock on the upstroke and discharge crushed rock down through said chamber on the downstroke.

2. A rock crusher as defined in claim 1 wherein said block comprises cylinder-like guide means and said head comprises piston-like means slidable in said guide means, and a flexible shield secured between said block and said head to exclude dust from the piston and guide means.

3. A rock crusher as defined in claim 1 wherein said block comprises a fluid pressure chamber opening into said cylinder-like means for lifting said head by fluid pressure, and a fluid supply passage through one of said spider arms and in communication with said chamber.

i. A rock crusher as defined in claim 3 wherein said annular support comprises a reservoir for fluid for actuating said head.

5. A rock crusher as defined in claim 4 wherein said block comprises an overflow collector on its top to collect fluid passing said piston-like means, and a drain passage from said collector down through said block and radially through one of said spider arms to said reservoir in said support.

6. A rock crusher as defined in claim 5 com prising a pump mechanism in communication with said supply passage and said reservoir for intermittently supplying fluid under pressure to said supply passage, and a check valve between said supply passage and said reservoir for discharging excess fluid under pressure from said supply passage to said reservoir.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 411,881 Anderson Oct. 1, 1889 1,044,255 Sargent Nov. 12, 1912 1,044,571 Rankin 1 Nov. 13, 1912 1,065,332 Newhouse June 17, 1913 1,166,403 Linn Dec. 28, 1915 2,079,882 Traylor, Jr. May 11, 193? 2,224,542 Gruender Dec. 10, 1940 2,476,505 McIntyre July 19, 1949 

